Ɓangaren yanzu model
Darasi Siffar Hajji (Yadda ake aikin Hajji)
Hajji yana da nau'i daban-daban guda uku, kuma su ne: Tamattu'i, Ƙirani da Ifradi, kuma ya halatta akan mai aikin hajji da ya zaɓi wanda ya keso daga cikin waɗannan nau'i ukun domin ya gudanar da hajjinshi abisa wannan tsarin.
Daga Aisha Allah Ya kara mata yarda tace: Mun fita tare da Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi sai yace: «Duk wanda yakeso yayi haraman hajji da umrah a cikinku to ya aikata, kuma duk wanda yakeso yayi harama da hajji kawai ya aikata, kuma duk wanda yakeso ya yayi harama da umrah to yayi» (Muslim: 1211).
Tamattu'i (Jin daɗi)
Yadda ake Tamattu'i: Shi ne mahajjaci yayi haraman Umrah a cikin watannin aikin hajji, sai yace a yayin ɗaukan haramanshi: (Ya Allah na amsa maKa da Umrah ina mai jin daɗi da ita har zuwa hajji) bayan ya kammala gudanar da aikin umrah, sai ya fita daga umrah sa'annan sai ya mori dukkanin ababen da aka haramta mishi yayin da yake cikin ihrami, sa'annan sai yayi haraman hajji a ranan takwas ga watan Zul Hijjah daga Makkah, sai yaci gaba da ayyukan hajji har zuwa ya jefi jamratul akabaha ranar Eidi, daga ƙarshe sai yayi yankan Tamattu'i. Allah Ta'ala Yace: (Duk wanda yayi tamattu'i da umrah zuwa hajji to ya yanka abunda ya sawwaƙa na daga hadaya) (Albakara: 196).
Ƙirani (Haɗawa)
Yadda ake ƙirani: Shi ne mutum yayi haraman Umrah da hajji a tare, sai yace yayin haramanshi: (Ya Allah na amsa maKa da Umrah da kuma hajji), sa'annan a yayin da ya isa Makkah sai yayi dawafin isowa (Dawaful ƙudum), kuma akwai sa'ayi guda ɗaya akanshi, ko ya gabatar dashi bayan ɗawafin isowa ko kuma ya jinkirta shi zuwa bayan ɗawafin Ifadah, ba zai aske gashin kanshi ba kuma ba zai fita daga cikin umrar ba, sai dai zai saura ne a cikin ihraminshi har zuwa ya jefi jamaratul akabah a ranar yanka sai yayi askin. kuma akwai hadaya akan wanda yayi ƙirani.
Ifradi (Kaɗaitawa)
Yadda ake ifrad: Shi ne mutum yayi harama da aikin hajji shi kaɗai, sai yace yayin ɗaukan ihraminshi: (Ya Allah na amsa maKa da aikin hajji) sa'annan a yayin da ya isa zuwa Makkah sai yayi ɗawafin isowa (ɗawaful ƙudum), kuma akwai sa'ayi guda ɗaya akanshi, ko ya gabatar dashi bayan ɗawafin isowa ko kuma ya jinkirta shi zuwa bayan ɗawafin Ifadah, ba zai aske gashin kanshi ba kuma ba zai fita daga cikin umrar ba, sai dai zai saura ne a cikin ihraminshi har zuwa ya jefi jamaratul akabah a ranar yanka sai yayi askin. Kuma babu hadaya akan wanda yayi Ifradi.
Ya wajaba akan musulmi da ya kwaɗaitu akan gudanar da aikin hajji kaman yadda Annabi Muhammadu (S. A. W) ya gudanar kuma ya umarci sahabbanshi masu girma Allah Ya kara musu yarda da su gudanar, Daga Jabir Allah Ya kara mishi yarda yace: Naga Annabi tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare yana jifa daga kan abar hawanshi a ranar yanka, kuma yana cewa: Lalle ku ɗauki yadda ake gudanar da ibadun hajjinku daga gare ni domin bana tsamman zan sake yin aikin hajji bayan wannan shekaran» (Musulmi: 1297).
A yayin da mahajjaci ya isa zuwa miƙati kuma yayi niyan shiga ihrami don aikin hajji, abun buƙata a wurin shi ne ya cire dukkanin tufafinshi, yayi wanka, ya fesa turare a kanshi da gemunshi, sai ya sanya tufafin Ihrami, sa'annan yayi sallan farillah idan lokacin sallan farilla ne, idan kuma ba haka ba sai ya sallaci raka'a guda biyu idan yaso yana mai nufin sunnar alwala da su.
Idan ya gama wannan sallar sai yayi harama yayi niyyan shiga cikin nau'in aikin hajjin da yakeso a zuciyarshi sa'annan:
Sa'annan zai yawaita yin talbiyah yana mai cewa: "Labbaikallahumma labbaik, labbaika la sharika laka labbaik, innalhamda wanini'imata laka walmulk la sharika laka", Na miji zai ɗaga sautinshi da faɗin hakan, mace kuma zata faɗe shi gwargwadon yadda na gefenta zata ji ta, kuma mutum zai nisanci ababen da aka hana mai ihrami aikatawa yayin kasancewar shi cikin ihrami.
Anaso mahajjaci yayi wanka yayin shiga Makkah, sa'annan ya tafi zuwa Masallacin Harami domin gudanar da Umrah idan ya kasance mai tamattu'i ne, mai ƙirani da mai ifradi kuma anso da su wuce ɗakin Ka'abah kai tsaye domin gudanar da ɗawafin isowa.
Idan ya iso Masallacin Harami sai ya gabatar da ƙafanshi ta dama sa'annan sai ya karanta Addu'ar shiga masallaci, idan kuma ya isa zuwa Ka'abah sai ya yanke talbiyah gabanin ya fara ɗawafi, kuma an so na miji ya yaye kafaɗanshi na dama, kuma hakan shi ne ya sanya tsakiyan mayafinshi a cikin hammatanshi na dama gefenshi kuma akan kafaɗanshi na hagu.
Sa'annan sai ya wuce zuwa Hajarul Aswadu (Baƙin dutse) domin ya fara ɗawafi sai ya taɓa dutsen da damanshi ya sumbace shi, idan kuma hakan bai samu ba sai yayi nuni zuwa gare shi da hannunshi, kuma ya sanya Ka'abah a hagunshi, sai yayi ɗawafi kewaye bakwai, kuma anso na miji da yayi sassarfa a cikin kewaye uku na farko, Sassarfa kuma shi ne: Sauri tare da daidaita taku.
Idan ya isa zuwa rukunul Yamani sai ya shafa shi ba tare da sumbatanshi ba, idan kuma bai samu daman aikata hakan ba to kada yayi nuni zuwa gare shi, kuma zai ce a tsakanin rukunul Yamani da Hajarul Aswadu (Rabbana Ãtina Fid Duniya hasanatan wa fil Ãkhirati hasanatan wa kina azaban nar).
Kuma a duk lokacin da ya wuce Hajarul Aswadu zaiyi kabbara, sa'annan zai faɗi abubda ya keso a cikin sauran ɗawafinshi, na daga ambaton Allah, da Addu'a da karatun Alkur'ani.
Idan ya kammala ɗawafi kewaye bakwai zai gyara saka mayafinshi, sa'annan sai ya wuce zuwa bayan maƙamu Ibrahima idan ya samu daman hakan ko kuma a kowana wuri daga farfajiyar Masallacin sai yayi sallah raka'a biyu, zai karanta suratul Kafirun a raka'a ta farko bayan karatun fatiha, a raka'a ta biyu kuma zai karanta suratul Ikhlas bayan fatiha.
Sa'annan sai ya wuce zuwa wurin sa'ayi, a yayin da ya kusanci dutsen Safa sai ya karanta faɗin Allah Ta'ala:(Lalle Safa da Marwa suna daga cikin wuraren bautan Allah) sai ya ƙara da faɗin: Zan fara da abunda Allah Ya fara dashi.
Ana fara Sa'ayi ne daga dutsen Safa, zai hau kan dutsen Safa ya fiskanci Ka'abah, sai ya ɗaga hannayenshi yana mai godewa Allah mai Addu'a, kuma ya kasance daga cikin Addu'an Annabi (S. A. W) a wannan wuri: "La ila illal lahu wahdahu la sharika lahu lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu wa huwa ala kulli shai'in ƙadir, La ila illal lahu wahdahu, anjaza wa'adahu, wa nasara abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaba wahdahu", sa'annan sai ya roƙi abunda ya keso, kuma zai maimaita hakan har sau uku.
Sa'annan sai ya sauƙo daga kan Safa ya fiskanci dutsen Marwa har sai yazo dab da wurin da aka sanya tuta koraye guda biyu kuma su ne koren wutan da suke saman wurin sa'ayi sai ya ruga a guje gwargwadon ikonshi idan ya kasance na miji ne, amma kuma mace ba a shar'anta mata gudu a wannan wurin ba, sai dai zatayi ta tafiya ne a cikin tsanaki a dukkanin sa'ayinta.
Kuma zai ci gaba da tafiya har sai ya isa zuwa Marwa sai ya hau akanta ya fiskanci alkiblah ya ɗaga hannayenshi kuma ya faɗi kwatankwacin abunda ya faɗa akan Safa sai dai ba zai karanta wancan ayar ba, kuma bazai faɗi cewa zan fara da abunda Allah Ya fara dashi ba.
Sa'annan sai ya sauƙo daga kan Marwa sai ya fiskanci dutsen Safa har sai ya sake dawowa zuwa wurin waɗannan korayen tuta guda biyun sai ya ruga a guje, kuma ya aikata akan safa kwatankwacin abunda da ya aikata akan Marwa, haka zaiyi tayi har sai ya kammala kewayen sa'ayi guda bakwai, zuwanshi yana matsayin kewaye ɗaya haka dawowanshi ma wani kewayen ne, kuma anaso ya yawaita ambaton Allah da Addu'a da abunda yaso a cikin sa'ayinshi, kuma ya kasance ya tsarkaka daga dukkanin kari biyu babban da ƙaramin.
Mai Tamattu'i sa'ayi guda biyu ne suke wajaba akanshi, sa'ayin umrah da sa'ayin hajji, amma kuma mai ƙirani da mai ifradi abunda yake wajibi akansu shi ne sa'ayi guda ɗaya, ko su gabatar dashi bayan ɗawafin isowa ko kuma su jinkirta shi zuwa bayan ɗawafin Ifadah.
Idan mahajjaci ya kammala sa'ayi zai aske gashin kanshi ko ya rage shi idan ya kasance mai tamattu'i ne, amma kuma aski ga na miji yafi idan kuma yayi saisaye ya bar aski ga hajji hakan ma yayi, Mace kuma zata tara gashinta sai ta rage kimanin gaɓan yatsa, idan mai tamattu'i ya aikata hakan, to lalle umrarshi ta kammala kuma ya fita daga cikin ta, kuma duk wani abunda aka haramta mishi sakamakon sanya ihrami da yayi ya halatta a gare shi. Amma kuma idan ya kasance mai ƙirani ne ko mai Ifradi to ba zaiyi aski ko saisaye bayan sa'ayi ba, sai dai zai zauna ne a cikin Ihraminshi.
Ranar tarwiha ita ce ranar takwas na daga watan Zul Hijjah kuma a cikinta ne ake fara ayyukan hajji, wanda ya kasance mai tamattu'i zai yi harama da aikin hajji a lokacin walahan wannan ranan daga wurin da yake, sai yayi wanka, ya fesa turare, ya sanya tufafin Ihrami, yayi sallah sa'annan sai yayi haraman hajji ya kuma fara talbiyah, sai yace: Ya Allah na amsa maKa da aikin hajji, amma kuma mai ifradi da mai kirani dama basu gushe ba suna cikin ihraminsu da suka saka a baya, sa'annan sai mahajjaci ya fita zuwa Mina gabanin sallan azahar, sai ya zauna acan ya kuma kwana a cikinta, sai ya sallaci sallar azahar da na la'asar da na magariba da na isha'i, zai sallaci masu raka'a huɗu ƙasaru ba tare da haɗa tsakaninsu ba, kuma zaiyi sallan asuban rana ta tara a nan, daga nan sai ya shagaltu da taibiyah, da Addu'a da kuma karatun Alkur'ani.
Idan rana ta fito a ranar Arafah kuma ita ce rana ta tara na daga watan Zul Hijjah, sai mahajjaci ya fita daga Mina zuwa Arafah cikin natsuwa da tsanaki yana mai ambaton Allah Ta'ala da kuma talbiyah, kuma anso da ya sauƙa a namira har zuwa gushewan rana idan har ya samu ikon aikata hakan, idan ba hakaba kuma sai ya shiga Arafah kai tsaye babu wani laifi akanshi, idan rana ta gushe sai ya sallaci azahar da la'asar jam'i kuma ƙasaru, kuma zai haɗa tsakaninsu ne da jam'in gabatarwa, sa'annan sai ya mayar da hankalinshi akan ambaton Allah, da Addu'a da ƙasƙantar da kai zuwa ga Allah Maɗaukaki, ya kuma roƙi abunda yakeso yana mai ɗaga hannayenshi yana fiskantar Alkiblah.
Daga Aisha Allah Ya kara mata yarda lalle Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi yace: «Babu wani yinin da Allah Yafi yawan ƴanta bayi daga wuta a cikin shi kaman ranar Arafah, kuma lalle Shi Yana kusantowa sa'annan sai yayi alfahari da mutanen da suke tsaye akan Arafah a gaban Mala'iku, sai yace: Menene waɗannan suke so?» (Muslim: 1348)
Kuma lokacin tsayuwa akan Arafah yana farawa ne daga gushewan rana, idan rana ta faɗi sai Alhazai su wuce zuwa Muzdalifah, Kuma wanda wannan lokacin ya wuce shi, amma kuma ya samu tsayuwa akan Arafah kafin asuban ranar goma -koda na ƙaramin lokaci ne- haƙiƙa ya riski hajji kuma tsayuwarshi ta inganta, amma kuma wanda bai samu tsayuwa akan Arafah gabanin ketowan alfijir ba to babu shakka hajji ta kuɓuce mishi.
Idan mahajjaci ya isa zuwa Muzdalifah sai ya sallaci magariba da Isha jam'i kuma ƙasaru da ƙiran sallah ɗaya da iƙama biyu, sai ya kwana a cikin Muzdalifah, idan alfijir ya bayyana sai ya kasance cikin ambaton Allah da Addu'a yana mai fiskantar Alƙiblah kuma yana ɗage da hannayenshi har sai can zuwa yamma.
Idan hasken rana ya bayyana kuma yayi yelo sosai daga ranar goma na daga watan Zul Hijjah sai mahajjaci ya tafi zuwa Mina gabanin rana ta fito, sai ya tsinci tsakuwan jifa yayin tafiyarshi tsakuwa guda bakwai wanda suka girmi ƙwallon dabino kaɗan, idan ya isa zuwa Mina sai ya jefi jamaratul Aƙabah kuma ita ce ta ƙarshe ta hanyar Makkah da tsakuwa guda bakwai, zaiyi kabbara yayin jefa kowace tsakuwa, idan ya kammala sai ya yanka hadaya, sai kuma ya aske gashin shi ko yayi saisaye, amma kuma mace zata yanke gefen gashinta ne kimanin yatsan hannu kawai, kuma ansowa mahajjaci da ya fesa turare sai ya wuce Makkah yaje ya gudanar da ɗawafin Ifadah -kuma shi din rukuni ne daga cikin rukunnan hajji- sai yayi sa'ayin hajji, daga nan sai ya dawo Mina ya kwana a cikinta a daren sha ɗaya ga watan Zul Hijjah.
Ya wajaba akan mahajjaci a ranakun Sallah (Ayyamut Tashriƙ) da ya kwana a Mina daren sha ɗaya da na sha biyu, kuma zai kwana ran sha uku ga wata ma idan yaga daman jinkirtawa, kuma zai jefi jamrori guda uku a duk lokacin da rana ta gushe
Yadda ake jifan Jamarat
Zai jefi jamrah ta farko kuma ita ce take kusa da Masallacin Khaif da tsakuwa guda bakwai a jere-jere ɗaya bayan ɗaya, kuma zai yi kabbara yayin jefa kowace tsakuwa, sa'annan sai yayi gaba kaɗan ya gabatar da Addu'a na tsawon lokaci da abunda yakeso, sa'annan sai ya jefi Jamrah ta tsakiya da tsakuwa guda bakwai a jere jere ɗaya bayan ɗaya, yana mai kabbara yayin jefa kowace tsakuwa, sa'annan sai yabi ta hagu sai ya tsaya yana mai fiskantar Alkiblah mai ɗaga hannayenshi sai yayi Addu'a, sa'annan sai ya jefi jamratul Aƙabah da tsakuwa guda bakwai a jere jere ɗaya bayan ɗaya yana mai kabbara yayin jefa kowace tsakuwa, sa'annan sai ya wuce ba tare da yayi Addu'a ba.
Idan ya gama jifar jamarah a ranar sha biyu, idan yaga dama zaiyi gaggawa, sai ya fita daga Mina, idan kuma yaga dama sai ya jinkirta ya kwana a daren sha uku ya sake jifan Jamarat guda ukun bayan zawali kaman yadda ya gabata a baya, amma kuma jinkirtawa shi yafi.
Idan ya buƙaci fita daga Makkah zuwa garin shi, to ba zai fita ba har sai yayi ɗawafin bankwana; sai ya sanya ɗawafin bankwan ya zamto shine ƙarshen abunda zaiyi a ɗakin Ka'abah yayin da yayi azamar tafiya. Daga Ibnu Abbas Allah Ya ƙara musu yarda yace: Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi yace: «Kada kowa ya kuskura ya koma face ya kasance ƙarshen abunda zaiyi shi ne zuwa ɗakin Ka'abah».(Muslim: 1327). kuma wannan ɗawafin yana faɗuwa akan mace idan ta kasance tana cikin haila.
