Ɓangaren yanzu model
Darasi Ma'anar Alkur'ani Mai Girma
Alkur'ani Mai Girma
Allah Maɗaukaki ya sauƙar da Alkur'ani a bisa mafi alherin halittunshi kuma cikamakin AnnabawanShi Muhammadu (S. A. W) domin shiryar da mutane da kuma fitar dasu daga duhu zuwa haske, Allah Maɗaukaki Yace: {Haƙiƙa haske da littafi mabayyani sunzo muku daga Allah * Allah Yana shiriyar da waɗanda su kabi yardarShi zuwa tafarkin aminci kuma yana fitar dasu daga duhu zuwa haske da izininshi yana kuma shiryar dasu zuwa miƙaƙƙen tafarki} [Alma'idah: 15, 16].
Bayani Akan Alkur'ani Mai Girma
Alkur'ani Mai Girma Shi ne: Zancen Allah mai mu'ujizah wanda Ya sauƙarwa Annabi Muhammadu tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi wanda karanta shi ibadah ne, wanda kuma ya fara da Suratul Fatiha ya kuma ƙare da Suratun Nas.
Alkur'ani mai girma yanada sunaye da yawa, waɗanda suke nuna falalarshi da ɗaukakarshi, daga cikin sunayen nashi akwai:
Sauƙan Alkur'ani Mai Girma
Farkon sauƙan da Alkur'ani yayi a bisa Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya kasance a cikin lailatul ƙadari ne a cikin watan Ramadan, Allah Maɗaukaki Yace: {Lalle mun sauƙar dashi ne a cikin lailatul ƙadari} [Alƙadar: 1], kuma Allah Maɗaukaki Yace: {Watan Ramadan wanda aka saukar da Alkur'ani a cikinshi domin ya zamto shiriya ga mutane da kuma mai bayyana ababen shiriya kuma mai rarrabewa} [Albakara: 185].
Kuma wanda ya sauƙo da Alkur'ani daga wurin Allah Maɗaukaki zuwa ga Annabi tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata agare shi shi ne Mala'ila Jibrilu alaihis salam ɗaya daga cikin Mala'iku mafi kusanci ga Allah, Allah Maɗaukaki Yace dangane da Alkur'ani: {Kuma lalle shi ubangijin talikai ne ya sauƙar da shi (192) Amintaccen ruhi ne ya sauƙo dashi (193) A bisa zuciyarka domin ka kasance daga cikin masu gargaɗi (194) Da harcen larabci mabayyani} [Alshu'ara: 192- 195].
Kuma farkon abunda ya sauƙa akan Annabi (S. A. W) na daga Alkur'ani shi ne ayoyi guda biyar na farkon suratul Alaƙ, kuma su ne faɗin Allah Ta'ala {Kayi karatu da sunan ubangijinka wanda Yayi hakitta (1) Ya halicci mutum daga gudan jini (2) Kayi karatu kuma ubangijinka Shi ne mafi girma (3) Wanda Ya sanar da Alƙalami (4) Ya sanar da mutum abunda bai sani ba (5)} [Suratul Alak: 1 - 5].
Sa'annan daga baya sai Alkur'ani ya sauƙo a rarrabe a bisa Annabi (S. A. W) a cikin lokuta daban-daban, a Makkah da Madina, har na tsawon shekaru ashirin da uku, daidai da ababen da suke faruwa.
An karɓo daga Ɗan Abbas Allah Ya kara mishi yarda yace: «An sauƙe Alkur'ani a dunƙule zuwa saman duniya a cikin daren lailatul ƙadari, sa'annan sai aka sauƙe shi kaɗan-kaɗan har na tsawon shekaru ashirin da uku» [Al-asma'u wassifatu na Baihaki: 497].
Surorin Alkur'ani Mai Girma
Adadin surorin Alkur'ani mai girma Surah ɗari da goma sha huɗu ne (114), na farkonsu ita ce Fatiha na ƙarshensu kuma ita ce Nasi.
Surori Makiyya Da Kuma Madaniyya
Adadin Juzu'in Alkur'ani Mai Girma juzu'i talatin ne, Hizibinshi kuma hizibi sittin ne.
Rubuta Alkur'ani Da Kuma Tattara Shi
Rubuta Alkur'ani da kuma tattara shi yanada matakai guda uku:
Matakin Farko: A zamanin Annabi (S. A. W)
Kuma a wannan matakin an dogara ne akan hadda fiye da yadda aka dogara akan rubutu, saboda kaifin ƙwaƙwalwa da saurin hadda da kuma ƙarancin marubuta da ababen rubutu, shi yasa ba a tara shi a cikin littafi ba saidai ya kasance duk wanda yaji wata aya sai ya haddace ta, ko ya rubuta ta akan wani abu na daga ganyen dabino, ko jemammen fata, ko akan duwatsu, kuma ya kasance a lokacin akwai masu karatu da yawa.
Mataki Na Biyu: A Zamanin Abubakar As-siddik Allah Ya kara mishi yarda
A cikin shekara ta goma sha uku na daga hijirah a yayin da aka kashe adadi mai yawa na daga makaranta Alkur'ani a yaƙin yamama, sai Khalifah Abubakar As-siddik yayi umarni da a tattara Alkur'ani tsoron kada ya lalace.
Daga Zaidu Bin Thabit Allah Ya kara mishi yarda yace: «An turawa Abubakar labarin mutuwar mutanen Yamama kuma a lokacin Umar Bin Khaɗɗabi ya kasance a wurinshi», sai Abubakar Allah Ya kara mishi yarda yace: lalle Umar yazo mini yace: Haƙiƙa an kashe da yawa daga cikin makaranta Alkur'ani a yaƙin Yamama, kuma ni ina jin tsoron kada a ci gaba da kashe makaranta Alkur'ani a wurare daban-daban sai da yawa daga cikin Alkur'ani ya tafi, amma kuma lalle ni inaga yanada kyau kayi umarni da a tattara Alkur'ani, sai nacewa Umar: «Ta yaya zaku aikata abin da Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi bai aikata ba?» sai Umar yace: wallahi wannan alheri ne, sai yace: Abubakar bai gushe ba yana kawo mini wannan maganan har saidai Allah Ya buɗe zuciyata da abunda Ya bude zuciyar Abubakar da Umar dashi, sai na fara bibiyan Alkur'ani ina tattara shi a tudu da kori da kuma zukatan mazaje..., sai Alkur'anin da aka tattaran ya kasance a wurin Abubakar, da ya rasu ya koma hannun Umar, bayan rasuwarshi kuma ya koma wajen Hafsat Ƴar Umar Allah Ya kara musu yarda» [Bukhari: 4986].
Mataki Na Uku: A zamanin Usman Bin Affan Allah Ya kara mishi yarda
Daular musulunci ta faɗaɗa a zamanin Usman Bin Affan Allah Ya kara mishi yarda, sai mutanen kowana gari suka ɗauki hanyar karatun Alkur'ani irin na sahabban da suka koya musu, dubi da yawan hanyoyin da ake karatun Alkur'ani da su, sai akaji tsoron fitinah, musamman ma a wurin waɗanda basuji Alkur'ani kai tsaye daga Annabi (S. A. W) ba, sai Usman yayi umarni da a tara dukkanin mutane akan Alkur'ani guda ɗaya, domin kada mutane suyi saɓani suzo suyi jayayya a cikin littafin Allah Ta'ala, daga ƙashe kuma su watse.
Daga Anas Bin Malik Allah Ya kara mishi yarda cewa lalle Huzaifah Binul Yaman ya zowa Usman a yayin da ya kasance yana yaƙan mutanen Sham lokacin buɗe Arminiyyah, da Azribijan tare da mutanen Iraq, sai saɓaninsu a karatun Alkur'ani ya gigita Huzaifa, sai yace wa Usman: Ya Amiral Muminina, kayi wani abu akan wannan Al-umman tun kafin su samu saɓani a cikin littafin Allah kamar yadda Yahudu da Nasara sukayi, sai Usman ya turawa Hafsat cewa: «Ki turo mana fefofin dake wajenki zamu buga su a cikin takarda, sa'annan sai mu mayar miki», sai Hafsat ta tura mishi, sai ya umarci Zaidu Bin Thabit da Abdullahi Binuz Zubair da Saeed Binul Ãs da AbdurRahman Binul Haris Binul Hisham sai suka kofe su a cikin takarda» [Bukhari: 4987].
Kuma Alkur'ani bai gushe a yanayin da aka kammala tattara shi ba har zuwa yanzu, kuma dukkanin musulmai sunyi ittifaƙi a bisa hakan a tsakaninsu.
