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Lesson The Eid
The Eids Are from the Apparent Rituals of the Religion
«When the Prophet ﷺ came to Madinah, he found the Ansar, the Muslims of the people of Madinah, playing and rejoicing on two days of the year, so he said "What are these two days?" They said "We used to play in them during Jahilyah (the period of ignorance before Islam). So the Prophet ﷺ said "Verily, allah has exchanged you with them what is better than them: the day of (Eid) Al-Adha and the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr" » [Abu Dawud 1134] and he ﷺ said, clarifying that the Eids are from the rituals of religions «Verily, for every people is a festival, and this is our festival.» [Al-Bukhari 952, Muslim 892].
Eid in Islam is a day in whhich the Muslims show joy in completing worship in thanks to Allah Exalted for his guidance and granting success in the act of worship. On it, it is legislated to bring happiness to the hearts of the people in general, wearing the most beautiful of clothes, fine treatment to those in need, relieving the souls in all permissible means like celebrations effective factors that bring happiness to the hearts of all, and their remembrance of the favor of Allah upon them.
For the Muslims are two festivals in the year on which they celebrate in. It is not permissible to specify a day among the days for the people to take as a festival other than them. They are:
It is a prayer that Islam promoted and encouraged men, women and children to go out for its fulfillment. Its time is from the sun's rising the measure of a spear above the horizon after sunrise the day of Eid until the sun passes its peak (midday).
Eid prayer is two units. The imam recites outloud in them. Additional takbeer (saying "Allahu akbar") at the beginning of each unit is legislated in Eid prayer. So they say takbeer in the first unit with six takbeers before the recitation other than takbeerat-ul-ihram (the opening takbeer), and say takbeeer in the second with five takbeers other than the takbeer of coming up from prostration.
Of the young and old, men and women, by every permissible means, wearing the most beautiful and finest of clothes, and breaking fast and eating during the daytime on the day. For that reason, it is prohibited to fast on Eid.
It is legislated to say takbeer on Eid Al-Fiter in show of joy of Eid and completing the fast of blessed Ramadan, and in thanks to the favors of Allah upon us and his guiding us to fasting. He Exalted said ﴾and that you should complete the period, and that you should make takbeer of Allah for having guided you, and so that you may give thanks.) [Al-Baqarah 185], as takbeer is legislated on Eid Al-Adha in show of joy of Eid and fulfilling the mandate of Hajj for those doing Hajj and success in righteous work in the (first) ten days of Dhil-Hijjah for them and the rest of the Muslims. He Exalted said upon mentioned the sacrafices of Al-Adha ﴾Never shall their flesh nor their blood reach Allah. Rather, what reaches Him from you is mindfulness(of Him) . Thus He has subjected them to you, that you may make takbeer of Allah for guiding you. And give glad tidings to those who excel in doing good.﴿ [Al-Hajj: 37].
The Description of the Takbeers of Eid
"Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, laa ilaha illa-llah. Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, wa lillahil-hamd" (Allah is greatest, Allah is greatest, there is no deity except Allah. Allah is greatest, Allah is greatest, and all praise to Allah). They also say, "Allahu akbar kabeera, wal-hamdu lillahi katheera, wa-subhana-Allahi bukratan wa-aseela" (Allah is greatly great, and all praise amply to Allah, and immaculatness of Allah morning and afternoon).
It is legislated that men raise their voices in it in the way that does not harm the people or confound them. Women lower their voices in it.
