There are three types of Hajj in Islam: 'Ifrad,' 'Qiran,' and 'Tamattu.' The pilgrim chooses one of these three types to perform his Hajj.

The Muslim must perform Hajj as performed by our Prophet ﷺ and as he commanded his companions (may Allah be pleased with them) to do so. Jabir ( may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I saw the Prophet ﷺ flinging pebbles while riding his camel on the Day of Nahr, and he was saying: «Learn your rituals (by seeing me performing them), for I do not know whether I would be performing Hajj after this Hajj of mine.» (Muslim, 1297)

When the pilgrim arrives at the Miqat and wants to enter into the state of Ihram for Hajj, it is recommended for the pilgrim to take his clothes off, make ghusl (bath), wear perfume on his head and beard, put on the Ihram clothes, then pray the obligatory prayer – if it is time – otherwise, pray two Raka’at (unit of prayer) with the intention of performing the sunnah of praying two units for the ritual ablution.

He repeats out loud the supplication (talbiyyah): "There is none worthy of worship except Allah alone; no partner has He." The woman repeats it in a way to allow the women next to her can hear but no men. The prohibitions of being in a state of Ihram after entering into it should be avoided.

It is recommended that the pilgrim perform a ghusl before entering Makkah. He then heads to the Sacred Mosque to perform Umrah if he is performing Hajj Tamattu. The pilgrim performing Hajj Qiran and Ifrad is recommended to perform Tawaf al-Qudum (circumambulation of arrival)

When a pilgrim enters the Sacred Mosque, he puts forth his right foot first and says a supplication to enter the mosque. When he reaches the Kaaba, he stops the supplication (talbiyyah) before he begins the Tawaf. It is recommended for a man to uncover his right shoulder during the arrival tawaf by placing the center of his Ridaa (the towel used to cover the upper torso) under his right armpit and its ends on his left shoulder.

He approaches the Black Stone to start the Tawaf, touches it with his right hand, and kisses it. If this isn't possible, he should face and point to the Black Stone. Then, the pilgrim must walk, keeping the Kaaba on his left. He completes seven circuits of Tawaf, performing Al-Raml (fast-paced walking) during the first three circuits, which means speeding up one's pace with small steps.

If he reaches the Yemeni corner, he touches it with his hand and does not kiss it; if he cannot feel it, he should not make any sign towards it with his hand. And he should say between the Yemeni corner and the Black Stone: (O our Lord, gives us good in this life, and good in the Hereafter, and save us from the Punishment of the Fire.)

When he completes seven circuits of Tawaf, he may return the top half of his ihram cloth to its original state. Then, the pilgrim approaches, if possible, Maqam Ibrahim (station of Ibrahim) or from any place in the Mosque and prays two short Raka’at. During the first raka’ah, he recites, after the first Surah al-Fatiha, Surah Al-Kafirun, and during the second one, Surah Al-lkhlas, after Surah al-Fatiha.

The pilgrim then goes out to the Mesa'a (area of Sa'i), and when he nears Safaa he recites: "Verily Safaa and Marwa are among the shrines of Allah." He says, "We begin with what Allah began with."

After completing the sa'i, the pilgrim shaves his head (Halq) or cuts his hair (Taqsir). If the pilgrim is performing Hajj Tamattu, it's best to cut his hair so that some hair will be left for shaving during Hajj. A woman clips her hair the length of a fingertip. With that, Umrah is completed, and everything forbidden to him upon entering Ihram becomes permissible again. If the pilgrim is performing Hajj Qiran or Ifrad, he does not shave his head (Halq) or cut his hair (Taqsir) and should remain in the state of Ihram.

Yawmul Tarwiyyah is the eighth day of Dhu al-Hijjah when the Hajj starts. The pilgrim performing Hajj, Tamattu, purifies himself for Hajj by bathing as he did before Umrah in the place in which he is staying. He performs the ghusl, wears perfume, puts on his Ihram, and says: "Allah, here I am to perform Hajj." As for Hajj Ifrad and Tamattu, the pilgrim is still in the state of Ihram. A pilgrim goes to Mina, and there prays Dhuhr, Asr, Magrib, Isha, and Fajr, shortening his prayers without combining them. He repeats his supplications and reads verses from the Quran.

When the sun rises on the Day of Arafah, the ninth day of Dhu al-Hijjah, the pilgrim sets out calmly and serenely from Mina to Arafah while remembering Allah. He is recommended to remain in Namira Mosque until sunset, if possible. Otherwise, he enters Arafah, where he prays Dhuhr and Asr combined at the time of Dhuhr, making each one two Raka’a. Then, he remembers Allah and makes as many supplications as possible while facing the Qibla.

When the pilgrim reaches Muzdalifah, he prays Maghrib and Isha. It is permissible for him to combine the Maghrib and Isha prayers. He remains in Muzdalifah, and when Fajr time starts, he prays Fajr, supplicating and remembering Allah facing the QIbla with his hands raised till just before sunrise.

As soon as the light of the day starts on the tenth day of Dhu al-Hijjah and before the sun rises, the pilgrim goes to Mina. Upon reaching it, he collects seven pebbles, slightly larger than a chickpea, and throws them at Jamrah Al-Aqaba, which is the closest one to Mecca, saying: "Allah is the Greatest" as he throws each pebble. Then, he slaughters the sacrificial animal. Next, he shaves or cuts his hair while a woman cuts her hair the length of a fingertip. Finally, it is recommended for the pilgrim to wear perfume and set out to Mecca to perform the Tawaf Al-Ifadhah. Then he returns to Mina to spend the night of the eleventh day of Dhu al-Hijjah.

During the days of Tashriq, the pilgrim must stay the nights of the eleventh and twelfth, and on the thirteenth day, he can stay if he wishes to stay behind. He throws stones at the three Jamraat as soon as the sun starts to cause a shadow (afternoon).

When he is ready to leave Makkah and return to his country, he makes Tawaf Al-Wadaa, which is the last act in Makkah before leaving. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «No one should depart until he makes as his last act (Tawaf) of the House.» (Muslim, 1327) Menstruating women must not perform Tawaf Al-Wadaa as the obligation is lifted.