القسم الحالي: HIJJA
الدرس Hijja ekolebwa etya
Emiteeko gya hijja giri esatu: gwebayita tamattu-u, kiraani, wamu ne ifraad, era omuntu agenda okukola hijja alina okulonda ku gino emiteeko esatu nakoleko guliwa.
Hadith eva ku Aisha Allah yasiima ku yye agamba nti: twaafuluma ne Nabbi okusaasira ebyengera n’emirembe bibeere ku yye, n'agamba: "oyo yenna ayagala okuleeta enniya ya hijja ng'eri wamu ne umra akikole, n'ayagadde okuleeta niyya ya hijja naye akikole, era n'oyo ayagala niyya ya umra yokka era naye akikole"
Ey'okweeyagala (tamattu-u)
Hijja ekika kya tamattu-u ekolebwa etya: ye'mulamazi okuleeta enniya ya um-ra mu myeezi gya hijja, era n'agamba ng'aleeta nniya nti: (Labbayika llahuma um-rata mutamatti-an bihaa ila-lhajji) ekitegeeza nti (Allah wange nyanukudde okukowoola kwo nga ngenda kukola um-ra nve mu mizizo oluvanyuma nzire mu hijja), era bwaamala okukola um-ra, ava mu mizizo n'aba nga akkirizibwa okukola buli kibadde kimuziyizibbwaako ng'ali mmizizo, oluvanyuma ku lunaku olw'omunaana mu mweezi ogwa dhul-hijja adda mu mizizo ng'aleeta nniya y'okukola hijja ng'ali makka, era agenda mumaaso n'okuba mu mizizo mpaka lwaakuba ekiwagi ekinene ku lunaku lwa iddi adhuha, era aba alina okusala ekisolo olwa hijja ye gyeyakoze, Allah ow'ekitiibwa yagamba: "n'oyo asookanga okukola umra ku hijja alina okusala ekyo ekimwanguyidde mu birabo (ebiwebwaayo okusalibwa mu makka bitandikira ku mbuzi)" (essuula 2:196).
Kiraan (okugatta umra ne hijja lumu)
Hijja kiraani ekolebwa etya: y'emulamazi okuleeta enniya y'okukola umra ne hijja omulundi gumu, era agamba ng'aleeta enniya nti: (Labbayika llahuma um-rata wa hajja), oluvanyuma bwatuuka e makka, yetoloola kaaba okw'etoloola olw'okutuuka e makka, akola olutambula wakati wa ssafa ne marwa omulundi gumu awo ng'amaze okwetoloola kaaba oba alindako n'alukola ng'amaze olw'etoloola lwa kaaba olw'empagi, era tasala nviiri yadde okuva mu mizizo mpaka ng'amaze okukuba ekiwagi ekinene ku lunaku lwa iddi, n'asalako n'enviiri, era akoze hijja ya kiraani aba alina okusala ekisolo (ekitono enyo mbuzi).
Ifrad (okukola hijja yokka)
Hijja ya ifraad ekolebwa etya: omulamazi anuyirira okukola hijja yokka ng'agamba nti: (Labbayika llahuma hajja), oluvanyuma bw'amala okutuuka e makka, yetoloola kaaba olw'etoloola lw'okutuuka e makka, era alina okutambula wakati wa ssafa ne marwa, asobola okukikola awo ng'amaze okwetoloola kaaba okw'okutuuka e makka oba n'alindako n'akikola oluvanyuma lw'okwetoloola kaaba okw'empagi, era tasala nviiri ze yadde okuva mu mizizo mpaka ng'akubye ekiwagi ekinene ku lunaku lwa iddi, n'asalako n'enviiri, era ono takakatwaako kusala kisolo kiwebwaayo.
Omusiraamu alina okufuba okulaba ng'akola hijja nga Nabbi ebyengera n’emirembe bibeere ku yye bweyagikola era n'agiyigiriza ba swahaba be. Hadith eva ku swahaba ayitibwa jaabir Allah asiime ku yye yagamba: nalaba Nabbi Muhammad ng'akuba ekiwagi ku lunaku lwa iddi ng'ali ku nsolo ye, ng'agamba: "munjigeko emikolo jammwe egya hijja, mazima nze simanyi, nyinza obutaddamu kukola hijja oluvanyuma lwa hijja yange eno" (muslim:1297)
Omulamazi bw'atuuka ku miikaati (nga by'ebifo Nabbi byeyateekawo ebitalina kusukkwa ng'omulamazi tannaba kunuyirira ku hijja oba umra) ng'ayagala kuleeta nniya ya hijja, alina okujjamu engoye ze ez'abulijjo n'anaaba, n'eyeekuba akawoowo mu mutwe gwe n'ekirevu, n'ayambala engoye ezikolebwaamu emikolo (ihraam), oluvanyuma asaala esswala ez'etteeka bwebuba bw'ebudde, oba bwebutaba asaalayo raaka bbiri, bwaaba ayagadde asobola okuziyita raaka eza sunna ezisaalibwa oluvanyuma lwa wuzu.
Bw'amaliriza okusaala, aleeta enniya y'okuyingira mu mizizo egyo gy'ayagala mu mutima gwe oluvanyuma:
Oluvanyuma ayitiriza okuleeta kyebayita talbiya; "Labbayika llahuma Labbayika, Labbayika laa shariika laka Labbayika, innal-hamda wa nni-imata laka wal-mulku laa shariika laka" ebitegeeza nti "nyanukudde Allah wange, nyanukudde Allah wange teri kikugattibwaako Allah wange, mazima amatendo gonna, ebyengera wamu n'obufuzi bibyo Allah, Teri kikugattibwaako) omusajja abyoogera mu ddoboozi lya waggulu, ate omukyaala abyoogera mu ddoboozi lya wansi ddala, era y'ewala ekyaaziyizibwa mu kiseera ky'okuba nti ali mu mizizo.
Omulamazi akubirizibwa okunaabako ng'agenda okuiyingira makka, oluvanyuma agenda mu muzikiti ogw'emizizo okukola umra bwaaba mu hijja ya tamattu-u (ey'okweeyagala), era kikubirizibwa ku ba hijja ya kiraan ne ifraad okwetoloola kaaba olw'etoloola lw'okutuuka e makka.
Bw'aba ayingira omuzikiti ogw'emizizo (makka) ayingiza kugulu kwe okwa ddyo, era n'asoma n'edduwa y'okuyingira omuzikiti, bw'atuuka ku kaaba, alekeera awo okuleeta talbiya (labbayika llahuma Labbayika...) nga tannatandika kwetoloola kaaba, omusajja akubirizibwa okuleka ekibegabega kye ekya ddyo nga kibikkule, olugoye ng'aluyisizza wansi w'enkwaawa eza ddyo, ate ekya kkono nga akibisse.
Oluvanyuma asembera okumpi n'ejjinja eriddugavu oba ng'aliteebeddemu atandike okwetoloola, ejjinja bwaaba asobodde okulinyweegera akikola, oba okulikwaatako, bwaaba tasobodde, alaza gyeriri n'omukono gwe ogwa ddyo, era kaaba emubeera ku ludda lwe olwa kkono, yetoloola emirundi musanvu, omusajja atambula ayanguya (naye ng'akuba enta ntono) mu mirundi esatu egisooka.
Bw'atuuka ku mpagi (ensonda) ya kaaba etunudde e yamani (eddirira eriko enywanto) agikwaatako naye taginyweegera, bwaaba tasobodde, yyo talaza gyeeri (nga bwaakola ku jjinja), era agamba wakati w'empagi eno n'okutuuka ku mpagi eddako eriko ejjinja eriddugavu edduwa: (Rabbana aatina fi dduniya hasana wa fil-aakhirati hasana wa kinaa adhaaba nnaari) etegeeza nti (Ayi Allah tukusaba ku nsi kuno otuwe birungi era ne ku nkomerero otuwe birungi era otutaase omuliro).
Buli lwaayita ku jjinja eriddugavu akuba takibiira, era mu kwetoloola kwe okusigadde asoma azikaari, edduwa (okusaba Allah) oba ne Quran byaaba ayagadde.
Bwaamaliriza okwetoloola kaaba emirundi musanvu, olugoye lwe olwa waggulu ebibegabega bye byombi abibikka, n'agenda ku kifo kya makaam Ibrahim bwaaba asobodde, n'asaalayo eraaka bbiri, oba mu kifo kyonna mu muzikiti awo okumpi ne kaaba, mu raaka esooka asoma oluvanyuma lwa al-faatiha (al-hamdu) essuula: (Qul yaa ayyuhal-kaafiruun), ate mu y'okubiri n'asoma: (Qul huwa llahu ahad) oluvanyuma lwa al-faatiha.
Oluvanyuma afuluma n'agenda ku sswafa ne marwa, bw'atuuka ku sswafa asoma aya ya Allah egamba nti: (inna sswafa wal-marwata min sha-aa-iri llah) essuula 2:158, n'amala n'agamba nti: (abda-u bima bada-a llahu bihi) ekitegeeza nti: ntandika n'ekyo Allah kyeyatandika nakyo.
Atandikira ku sswafa, alinya ku lusozi sswafa n'atunla mu kibula, n'asitula emikono gye (mu mbeera y'okusaba) neyeebaza Allah era n'asaba, Nabbi Muhammadi okusaasira ebyengera n’emirembe bibeere ku yye awo yasabirangawo: "laa ilaaha illa llahu wahdahu laa Shariika lahu, lahul-mulku walahul-hamdu wahuwa alaa kulli shay-in kadiir, laa ilaaha illa llahu wahdahu, anjaza wa-adahu wa naswara ab-dahu wa hazama al-ahzaaba wahdah", kino akiddamu emirundi esatu, oluvanyuma asaba byaaba ayagadde ebirala.
Oluvanyuma akka n'ava ku lusozi sswafa n'atambula ng'adda ku lusozi marwa, mpaka lwaatuuka ewali obutaala obwa kiragala (webutandikira mpaka webukoma) era ng'awo omusajja akubirizibwa okuddukamu kko kyaaba asobodde, naye ate omukyaala yye asigala atambula nga bwaabadde, tayina waakubirizibwaa kudduka mu lutambula olwo.
Oluvanyuma yeeyongerayo mu kutambula mpaaka bw'atuuka ku marwa, n'alulinya n'atunula mu kibula ng'asitudde emikono gye, n'ayogera byeyayogera ku sswafa okujjako nti tasoma aya ya kulaane, wadde n'ekigambo: abda-u bima bada-a llahu bihi.
Oluvanyuma akka okuva ku marwa, n'atambula ng'addayo ku sswafa, era bw'atuuka ku butaala obwa kiragala n'addukamu kko, era bw'atuuka ku sswafa n'akola nga kyaakoze ku marwa, bwaatyo mpaka bwaamalayo emirundi musanvu, olugenda lwe ku marwa guba mulundi, n'okuvaayo nagwo mulundi, era mu lutambula olwo aluburizibwa okuyitiriza okuleeterawo azikaari (okutendereza Allah) wamu n'okumusaba byaaba asobodde, era kikubirizibwa okuba ng'alina wuzu, nga mutukuvu okuva eri ekizuusi ekinene n'ekitono.
Omuntu akoze hijja ya tamattu-u (asooka kkola umra oluvanyuma n'adda ku hijja) aba akakatwaako okukola olutambula lwa sswafa ne marwa emirundi ebiri, olwa umra wamu n'olwa hijja, naye ate eyakoze kiraani (okugatta hijja ne umrah mu bikolwa), oba ifraad (hijja yokka) abo bbo bakakatwaako okukola olutambula olwo lumu, basobola okulokola nga baakatuuka e makka oluvanyuma lw'okwetoloola kaaba olw'okutuuka e makka oba ssi kkyo nebalukola oluvanyuma lw'okwetoloola kaaba olw'empagi.
Omulamazi eyakoze tamattu-u mu hijja bwaamaliriza okutambula wakati wa sswafa ne marwa, asala oba n'akendeeza enviiri ze, okuzisala ky'ekisinga obulungi, naye ate bw'akendezaako n'alekako z'anasala mu hijja ky'ekirungi okusinga, omukyaala yye akwaata ku nviiri ze zonna n'asalako ekigero eky'enkana akayingo k'akagalo, omulamazi eyakoze tamattu-u bwaamaliriza kino, umra ye eba ewedde, era n'abeera ng'akkirizibwa okukola buli kimu ekibadde kyaamuziyizibbwaako olw'okuyingira emizizo, naye ate bw'aba yakoze hijja ya ifraad oba kiraani, oyo yye tasalako yadde okukendeeza enviiri ze oluvanyuma lw'okutambula wakati wa sswafa ne marwa era asigala akyaali mu mizizo.
Luno lwe'lunaku olw'omunaana mu mweezi gwa dhul-hijja, era emikolo gya hijja egya nnamaddala kwegitandikira, abadde yavudde mu mizizo nga yee yakoze tamattu-u, addamu n'aleeta nniya ya hijja n'adda mu mizizo ku makya kw'olunaku olwo ng'asinziira wonna w'aba ali, anaaba, n'eyeekuba akawoowo (ku mubiri), n'ayambala engoye ze ezikola emikolo, n'asaala olwo n'aleeta nniya ya hijja, n'akuba ne talbiya,agamba mu kukeeta e nniya nti: Labbayika llahuma hajja, naye ate yye eyakoze hijja yokka (ifraad),n'eyagase hijja ne umrah mu mukolo gumu, abo bbo baba bakyaali mu mizizo nga bwebaayingira makka. Oluvanyuma buli mulamazi agenda e mina, ng'obudde bw'esswala ya dhuhuri (ey'okumusanvu) tebunnatuuka, n'abeera e mina, n'asaalirayo zuhuri, aswiri magharibi ne ishaa-i, esswala eza raaka enya azisala n'asaala bbiri naye nga tazigatta, era n'asaalirayo ne subuhi y'olunaku olw'omwenda, era akozesa obudde bwe mu kukeeta talbiya, okutendereza Allah wamu n'okusoma kulaane.
Enjuba bweesituka ku lunaku olw'omwenda mu mweezi ogwa dhul-hijja olunaku lwa arafa, abalamazi bava e mina okugenda mu arafa, nga bakkakkamu era mu mirembe,nga bakuba talbiya wamu n'okujjukira Allah, kikubirizibwa omulamazi okutuulira mu kifo kyebayita namira n'abeerawo okutuusa obudde bw'amalya g'ekyeemisana bwaaba asobodde, naye ekitali ekyo tewali buzibu ayingira mu arafa, enjuba bw'emala okusala wakati w'eggulu asaala dhuhuri ne aswiri eraaka bbiri bbiri mu ng'azigasse mu biseera bya dhuhuri, oluvanyuma akozesa obudde bwe mu kutendereza n'okujjukira Allah, wamu n'okumusaba, era asitula emikono n'atunula mu kibula olwo n'asaba byonna byaaba ayagadde.
Hadith ng'eva ku Aisha Allah asiime ku yye, nti Nabbi ebyengera n’emirembe bibeere ku yye yagamba nti: "tewali lunaku Allah lwaayitiriza kuta bantu kuva mu muliro ng'olunaku lwa Arafa, era mazima yye Allah asembera ku ggulu, oluvanyuma n'ayogera eri ba malayika mu mbeera ey'okubuuza naye nga yewaana ku lw'abaddu be abamutendereza mu lusenyi arafa ng'ababuza (ng'ate amanyi) nti: abo baagala ki" (muslim:1348)
Ekiseera ky'okubeera mu arafa kitandika ng'enjuba esaze amakkati g'eggulu (amalya g'ekyeemisana), okutuuka ng'enjuba eguddeyo, olwo abalamazi nebatandika okutambula okugenda e muzidalifa. Oyo akaseera kano gwekayiseeko naye naasobola okubeera mu arafa ng'emmabya ey'olunaku lw'ekkumi tennesala nebwekaba kaseera katono nyo (katikitiki), hijja ye eba ntuufu n'okubeera kwe mu arafa kuba kutuuse, naye oyo ayitwaako ebiseera bino byonna emmambya y'olunaku olw'ekkumi n'esala nga tatuuseeko mu arafa, oyo hijja eba emuyiseeko.
Omulamazi (hajji) bw'atuuka e muzidalifa, asaala magaribi ne isha ng'abigasse mu kiseera kya isha naye nga isha agisazeeko eraaka bbiri, azikolera okwaziina kumu n'okukima kwa mirundi ebiri, n'asula e muzidalifa okutuusa emmambya bw'esala, n'asaala esswala ya subuhi, olwo n'adda mu kusinza n'okutendereza Allah wamu n'okuwanika emikono gye ng'atunudde mu kibula ng'amusaba, okutuusa obudde webukya bulungi.
Ekitangaala ky'emisana kasita kivaayo bulungi ku lunaku olw'ekkumi mu mweezi gwa dhul-hijja ng'enjuba tennavaayo, omulamazi atandika olugendo okudda e mina nga bw'alonda obuyinja obutono nga bulinga empeke y'empafu bw'agenda okukozesa mu kukuba ebiwagi, bw'atuuka e mina akuba ekiwagi ekinene obuyinja musanvu nga nakyo ky'ekisembayo wansi ku ludda lw'emakka, akuba takibiira ku buli kayinja k'akasuka, bw'amaliriza, asala ekisolo kye (bwaaba w'akusala), olwo n'asala enviiri oba n'azikendezaako, naye yye omukyaala akwaata ku nviiri ze ekigero kya kayingo ka lugalo zaasala. Omulamazi akubirizibwa okweetukuza olwo n'aserengeta adde e makka n'eyetoloola kaaba olw'etoloola olw'empagi (tawaaf ifaadha), era nga yyo mpagi mu mpagi za hijja, oluvanyuma, atambula wakati wa sswafa ne marwa okw'etoloola olwa hijja, oluvanyuma addayo e mina, n'asulayo ekiro eky'ekkumineekimu.
Kikakata ku mulamazi (hajji) mu nnaku zino okusula e mina mu biro eky'ekkumi n'ekimu, ne kkumi n'ebibiri, ate ekiro eky'ekkumi n'essatu asulayo ssinga ab'ayagadde okukeereyesa (akube ebiwagi ennaku ssatu) , era nga mu nnaku ezo akuba ebiwagi ebisatu (byonna) ng'enjuba emaze okusala wakati w'eggulu (ebiseera by'amalya g'ekyeemisana).
Enkuba y'ebiwagi
Akuba ekiwagi ekisooka, nga kyeekyo ekirinanye omuzikiti gwa khayif n'obuyinja musanvu obugoberegana, era akuba takibiira ku buli kayinja kaakasuka, oluvanyuma aseseetukamu katono, n'asaba edduwa empanvu mu byaaba ayagala, oluvanyuma akuba ekiwagi ekya wakati obuyinja musanvu obugoberegana, era akuba takibiira ku buli kayinja kaakasuka, oluvanyuma adda ku ludda olwa kkono n'ayimirira ng'atunudde mu kibula, n'asitula emikono gye n'asaba Allah, oluvanyuma akuba ekiwagi ekisembayo ekinene obuyinja musanvu obugoberegana, ng'era akuba takibiira ku buli kayinja kaakasuka, era wano tasabirawo dduwa ng'amalirizza.
Bw'amaliriza okukuba ebiwagi mu lunaku olw'ekkumi n'ebbiri, bw'ayagala ayanguya n'afuluma mina, ate era bwaaba ayagadde akeereyesa n'asulawo ekiro eky'ekkumi n'essatu, n'akuba ebiwagi byonna enkeera oluvanyuma lw'enjuba okusala amakati g'eggulu nga bweyakikoze oluberyeberye, naye ng'okukeereyesa ky'ekisinga obulungi.
Omulamazi bw'aba ayagala kufuluma makka okugenda ewaabwe, tafuluma makka mpaka ng'akoze okwetoloola kaaba okw'okusiibula makka; era n'abeera nga mu byaakoze e makka ekisembyeeyo kibadde ku kaaba nga tannasimbula. Hadith eva ku ibun abbaas Allah asiime ku bombiriri yagamba, Omubaka wa Allah ebyengera n’emirembe bibeere ku yye yagamba: "omuntu (azze okulamaga) tava nga makka mpaka ng'asebyeeyo kugenda ku kaaba" (muslim: 1327). Naye okwetoloola kuno kusonyiyibwa omukyaala ali mu nsonga.
